最近世界卫生组织的一项调查世界各地城市空气污染程度的行动发现,新德里空气最污浊。在20座空气最污浊的城市中,有13座在印度,新德里、巴特那、瓜廖尔和赖布尔位居前四。新德里PM2.5浓度的年平均值为153微克每立方米。因雾霾而声名狼藉的北京排在第77位。
这个排名似乎让人松了一口气。但是且慢,公开数据显示北京市2013年监测得到的年均PM2.5浓度为89.5微克每立方米,与年均35微克每立方米的国家标准相比超标几乎两倍。
世卫组织的报告同时显示世界上32座城市的PM2.5年均浓度小于5微克每立方米。其申三分之二是加拿大的城市,其中包括温哥华这样的大都市,还有冰岛的哈布纳菲厄泽,另外有7座则是美国城市。
我们应该跟谁比?跟新德里比污浊,还是跟温哥华比干净?
应该首先跟国家标准比。年均浓度超标两倍,排名77有任何积极意义吗?没有。
其次,应该拿我们的国家标准跟人家的国家标准比。美国的PM2.5年均浓度国家标准是12微克每立方米。也就是说,若干年后,即使我们达标了,也仍然超过人家的标准的几乎两倍。即使到那时排名177,该哭还是该笑?
污染治理,任重道远啊。
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